What is the National Day for Truth & Reconciliation in Canada?
Written By
Corinna Frattini
•
Sep 29, 2025
•
Life in Canada
September 30 marks Canada’s National Day for Truth and Reconciliation, also known as Orange Shirt Day. This day honours Indigenous survivors of residential schools and remembers the children who never returned home. For newcomers to Canada, September 30 is a powerful opportunity to learn about the country’s Indigenous history and understand how reconciliation shapes Canadian society today.
Fast Fact: More than 150,000 Indigenous children attended residential schools across Canada between the 1870s and 1990s (Government of Canada).
The Story Behind Orange Shirt Day
Orange Shirt Day began in 2013 as a grassroots movement inspired by Phyllis Webstad, a residential school survivor from British Columbia.
At six years old, Phyllis arrived at her residential school wearing a new orange shirt her grandmother had bought for her. It was taken away, and she never saw it again. The orange shirt now symbolizes the loss of identity, culture, and dignity that Indigenous children experienced.
Every Child Matters — this phrase reminds Canadians that all children deserve safety, love, and respect.
Why This Day Matters for All Canadians, Including Newcomers
For anyone living in Canada, including newcomers, the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation is an opportunity to reflect, show respect, and learn. It’s a reminder that understanding Indigenous history helps build a more inclusive future for everyone who calls Canada home.
A crosswalk is painted orange with white feathers to show solidarity for truth and reconciliation in Canada.
How to get involved:
Learn about the history of residential schools.
Attend community events or ceremonies.
Support Indigenous-led businesses and artists.
Wear orange to show solidarity and remembrance.
Truth and Reconciliation: A National Commitment
In 2015, Canada’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) released 94 Calls to Action to help redress the legacy of residential schools. These actions focus on education, justice, and commemoration.
To honour this commitment, Parliament passed Bill C-5 in 2021, officially recognizing September 30 as a federal statutory holiday.
As of 2025, 6 provinces and territories (British Columbia, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut) officially observe the day as a statutory holiday.
How Canadians Observe Orange Shirt Day
Across Canada, people honour the day in meaningful ways:
Wear orange: To show support for survivors and their families.
Attend memorials or educational events: Local communities, schools, and universities hold gatherings.
Reflect and learn: Many Canadians take time to read the TRC Calls to Action or visit Indigenous cultural centres.
Every year, the Peace Tower on Parliament Hill and landmarks across Canada are lit orange in solidarity.
Truth and Reconciliation Events Across Canada
Every year, communities nationwide host events to educate and unite Canadians in reflection and reconciliation.
Ottawa, Ontario
Parliament Hill and government buildings are illuminated orange.
National commemorative broadcast: “Remembering the Children.”
Indigenous children are dressed in traditional regalia.
Winnipeg, Manitoba
Southern Chiefs’ Organization 5th Annual Orange Shirt Day Healing Walk and Pow Wow at the RBC Convention Centre. Free event featuring intertribal dance specials, drums, and arts and crafts.
Calgary, Alberta
University of Calgary & Calgary Public Library: Workshops, ceremonies, and public learning sessions about the history of residential schools, intergenerational trauma, and Indigenous resilience.
Toronto, Ontario
City Hall flags at half-mast; the Toronto sign illuminated orange.
Community events and storytelling sessions across the city.
Not all provinces and territories recognize September 30 as a paid statutory holiday. Here’s the current breakdown (2025):
PROVINCE/ TERRITORY
STAT HOLIDAY
Federal Employees
Yes, applies to federally regulated industries (i.e. banks)
British Columbia
Yes
Prince Edward Island
Yes
Manitoba
Yes
Nunavut
Yes
Yukon
Yes
Northwest Territories
Yes
Ontario, Alberta, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and Labrador
*No, observed as a commemorative day
*Even if not a statutory holiday, schools and communities across these provinces host learning events and reflection activities.
How Newcomers Can Participate in Reconciliation
Moving to Canada means joining a nation that continues to learn from its past. Participating in reconciliation activities helps build cultural awareness and shows respect for Indigenous communities. Here’s how you can show support and build understanding in simple, respectful ways:
1. Learn and reflect: Read about Truth and Reconciliation and take time on September 30 to think about what it means to you. 2. Connect: Visit local Indigenous cultural centres or events. 3. Share: Talk with friends and family about why Every Child Matters.
FAQs about National Day for Truth and Reconciliation
What does the orange shirt symbolize?
The orange shirt symbolizes the loss of identity and culture experienced by Indigenous children forced into residential schools. It’s a symbol of resilience and hope for healing.
Is National Day for Truth and Reconciliation the same as Orange Shirt Day?
They are closely connected. Orange Shirt Day began in 2013 as a grassroots movement and later inspired the creation of the federal holiday in 2021.
Can newcomers or non-Indigenous Canadians participate?
Yes. Everyone in Canada can participate, learn, and reflect on the meaning of reconciliation.
How can I learn more about Indigenous history in Canada?
September 30 is a time to listen, learn, and remember. For newcomers and long-time Canadians alike, acknowledging this day is a step toward understanding, healing, and unity.
WRITTEN BY
Corinna Frattini
Senior Editor and Content Director, Prepare for Canada
Corinna researches and writes content to help newcomers make informed decisions about housing, employment, banking, and aspects of settling in Canada. With a background in human resources and leadership development, her articles focus on how newcomers can continue their careers in Canada. Her writing combines research, practical guidance, and clear language to support newcomers on their journey.
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