Canadians are proud of the universal, publicly-funded healthcare system that permanent residents can access! Many newcomers have questions about free health in Canada and how to access it. It’s vital to know the healthcare requirements for new immigrants and to follow the steps to apply for provincial health insurance. Applying as soon as you arrive will help you get government insurance faster. However, there may be a waiting period and other requirements to meet. Free medical care when you or a family member are sick or have an accident can save you worry and costly out-of-pocket expenses. Here’s what to know about healthcare in Canada!
Canada has 13 separate provincial and territorial health care insurance plans. It does not have a single national plan. So, you must apply for health insurance in the province where you plan to settle. This overview describes how to apply for government health insurance and how the Canadian healthcare system works.
Health Insurance Requirements for New Immigrants
If you are now in Canada, you must follow the steps to access free health care and apply for a provincial health card. Once you are approved, you will receive your provincial health card. The health card shows that your provincial healthcare program will cover your medical expenses. You must show your health card whenever you visit a doctor or receive medical care.
Completing a healthcare application is the first step. You can get an application form from a:
You can also apply online (see links to Provincial and Territorial Health Care Programs in Canada) below.
Settlement agencies can help you complete the application and provide more details. If you are already in Canada, click here to find free newcomer services near you.
Is Healthcare Free in Canada?
While Canadians and permanent residents do not pay a fee to visit the doctor or hospital, healthcare is not entirely free. Here’s an overview of who pays for the Canadian healthcare system.
Under Canada’s health care system, hospital stays for surgery, to treat an illness, or maternity services (such as childbirth, pre-and post-natal care, newborn care, and pregnancy complications are covered.) So are medications while in the hospital.
You do not have to pay the clinic, hospital, or physician directly, and there are no deductibles or fees for insured services. However, some services are only partially covered and require a fee for service from that patient. There are some “uninsured” services, meaning they are not covered at all.
Who Pays for Healthcare in Canada?
For most Canadians, the cost of healthcare is covered by these three sources:
1.Federal and Provincial Taxes
Federal and provincial tax revenue covers more than 70% of healthcare spending for basic services like hospital visits and medical treatment. Each year, Canadians file a personal income tax return and a portion of the taxes pay for programs and services like health insurance. So, while you don’t pay directly, you do pay indirectly for healthcare in Canada.
2.Workplace Healthcare Benefits
Your employer may offer a health care benefits package. Many immigrants to Canada are unaware that many companies offer their employees benefits. A benefits package will cover some, or all of the costs for dental, medications, and other services not covered by a government healthcare program.
Most workplace healthcare benefits cover health, dental, vision, and prescriptions that provincial healthcare programs don’t cover. Workplace health insurance benefits can vary depending on the employer. Workplace healthcare benefits may also cover your spouse and dependents.
Canadians in every province can purchase additional private travel medical health insurance to cover services not covered by a government health care program, or an employer’s health care benefits program.
3.Private Healthcare Insurancein Canada
Private health insurance can fill the gap between what the provincial healthcare programs cover and what you pay for dental care, vision, care, and more. Also, new immigrants must meet provincial health insurance requirements before receiving coverage. For peace of mind, you can buy private health insurance for medical needs while you wait for provincial health insurance to cover you.
When you begin working, you can join your employer’s healthcare plan. Your employer will discuss the healthcare coverage they provide.
When to Apply for Free Healthcare?
Apply for health care coverage soon after you land in Canada. Unfortunately, you cannot apply for health care coverage before you arrive in Canada.
Is there a Waiting Period?
It can take newcomers up to three months to get provincial healthcare insurance. Some provincial healthcare programs have a wait period before you are eligible to apply for coverage and your health insurance starts. In British Columbia, for example, new immigrants must wait 180 days to be eligible for healthcare.
You may also have to meet specific health insurance requirements for new immigrants.
While you wait for coverage, you may want to buy private health insurance.
This table has links to provincial and territorial healthcare programs and identifies if there is a waiting period for permanent residents:
PROVINCIAL HEALTHCARE PROGRAM
HEALTHCARE REQUIREMENTS FOR NEW IMMIGRANTS
Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan (AHCIP)
Wait Period: Permanent residents are eligible for AHCIP. But, you must meet health insurance requirements and it takes time to check your eligibility and process your application.
Coverage begins on the first day of the third month following the date you establish residency. Apply here.
British Columbia Medical Services Plan (MSP)
Wait Period: New immigrants are required to complete a three-month wait period before their health insurance coverage begins.
Coverage begins after the balance of the month you establish residency plus two months.
Manitoba Health, Seniors and Active Living
Wait Period: Permanent residents can apply for coverage on arrival in Manitoba.
Permanent residents and students must wait three months before their health insurance begins. Coverage eligibility is based on your proof of legal status in Canada and Manitoba residency
New Brunswick Medicare
Wait Period: Permanent residents must wait three months from the date of arrival in New Brunswick before applying for coverage.
Newfoundland and Labrador Medical Care Plan
Wait Period: Immediate coverage
Northwest Territories Health Care Plan
Wait Period: Coverage begins when your application is approved.
Nova Scotia Medical Services Insurance (MSI)
Wait Period: New immigrants and permanent residents can apply for coverage upon arrival and receive first-day coverage.
Nunavut
Ontario Health Insurance Plan (OHIP)
Wait Period: You must be present in Ontario for 153 days in your first 183 days after submitting your OHIP application.
Prince Edward Island
Wait Period:
Quebec
Waiting period of up to three months
Saskatchewan
Coverage begins within six to eight weeks of your application date
Yukon
Coverage begins after three months
To protect yourself from unexpected healthcare costs, you can buy private insurance.
Your First Weeks in Canada | Developing Your Action Plan
Arriving with an action plan for your first weeks in Canada can save you time and money. The quicker you settle into your new environment the faster you’ll feel at home! In this webinar, Your First Weeks in Canada, we discuss the important things to do to manage your first weeks efficiently.
The free healthcare that Canadian citizens and permanent residents enjoy gives you access to basic medical services. But, not everything is covered. So, consider what coverage you need if you settle in a province with waiting periods. Also, consider the needs of your family, for example, does anyone have extensive health costs that aren’t covered by a provincial healthcare program or an employer’s healthcare benefits program?
It’s better to be safe than sorry. With private insurance, you can begin your new life in Canada without a costly bill for a medical need.
What Documents Do You Need to Apply for a Health Card?
Provincial healthcare requirements for new immigrants vary, but generally, you must prove your Canadian citizenship or immigration status to apply. You will require these documents:
Birth certificate
Passport
PR card or Confirmation of Permanent Residence.
Confirm if you need other documents with the provincial or territorial health care program where you plan to settle.
What If You Lose Your Health Card?
If you lose your health care card, contact the provincial health ministry to replace your card as soon as possible. You may have to pay a small replacement fee. You are required to show your health insurance card to receive free healthcare in Canada.
It’s a good idea to carry your health card in your wallet in case of a medical emergency. In an emergency, hospitals will treat you without seeing your card first but, you will have to show your card later if you want the province to cover your hospital bills.
Finding a Family Doctor
Most Canadians have a family doctor or “GP” (general practitioner). When you have provincial healthcare insurance, you must find a GP. Your GP will be your first contact with the healthcare system. With a shortage of medical doctors, it may take time to find a family doctor.
To find a family doctor:
Ask a friend or family member if their doctor is accepting new patients.
Check with the provincial College of Physicians and Surgeons to find doctors accepting new patients.
Doctors control or direct their patients’ access to most healthcare specialists. Your family doctor will:
Decide which diagnostic tests you will need and make referrals for these tests.
Prescribe medications that you can pick up at a pharmacy of your choice.
If you have a medical emergency, go to the emergency room at the nearest hospital. For non-emergencies, you can schedule an appointment with your family doctor for treatment or a referral to a health care specialist.
Contact Provincial and Territorial Healthcare Programs
Click on the province or territory where you plan to settle to learn more about healthcare requirements for new immigrants.
It’s vital to know the healthcare requirements for new immigrants and follow steps to apply for provincial health insurance. Applying soon after arriving in Canada will ensure you get government insurance faster. However, there may be a waiting period and other requirements to meet. Free medical care when you or a family member are sick or have an accident can save you worry and costly out-of-pocket expenses.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I bring my prescription medicines to Canada?
You can bring a 90-day supply of any prescription medication that you currently take to continue your medical treatment. However, you must follow Health Canada guidelines and:
1. Carry the medication in the original hospital or pharmacy packaging
2. Have the original label on the packaging to show what the health product is and what it contains
3. Have a valid expiration date (for example: within 90 days of your arrival). This is a common question.
You can bring medication that is prescribed to you or anyone that you’re responsible for who is coming to Canada with you.
You can bring:
A single course of treatment, OR
A 90-day supply (whichever is less).
Once in Canada, you must visit a Canadian doctor to refill or get a new prescription. You cannot use a foreign prescription in Canada. You cannot import prescription medicine by mail or courier.
Tips:
Pack your medications (prescriptions and essential over-the-counter (OTC) drugs in your carry-on baggage to avoid theft or loss. This includes medical equipment such as syringes, needles, inhalers, etc.
Keep prescription medicines in the original container with a label. Do not put medication in unmarked containers.
Prepare to answer questions about your medications at the airport and border crossings. You do not require information from your doctor about your medical condition, but it may be helpful.
WRITTEN BY
Corinna Frattini
Senior Editor, Prepare for Canada
Corinna Frattini is the Senior Editor and Content Director for Prepare for Canada. She contributes articles to help newcomers achieve their goals in key areas related to living, working, and settling in Canada. With an extensive background in human resources and leadership development, her articles focus on what Canadian employers seek and how newcomers can continue their careers in Canada.